8. you place an organism in an indicator that is yellow (between co₂ and o₂). with a lamp shining on it overnight, if it performs photosynthesis, the indicator will be...
a. green
b. red
9. where does most of a plant’s mass originally come from?
a. sunlight
b. soil
c. oxygen (o₂)
d. carbon dioxide (co₂)
10. what are the products of photosynthesis?
a. carbon dioxide, water
b. water, sunlight, sugar, oxygen
c. sugar and oxygen
d. water, carbon dioxide, sunlight
experiment design
use this prompt for questions 1–5: dr. rivera tests whether a new fish food affects guppy growth. one tank receives regular food; the other receives the new food. both tanks have the same conditions. after 6 weeks she measures the average mass of the guppies.
1. what is the independent variable?
a. the mass of the guppies
b. the 6 - week period
c. the type of fish food
d. the number of fish
2. what is the dependent variable?
a. the type of fish food
b. the mass of the guppies
c. the water in the tank
d. the 6 - week period
3. which of the following is a constant?
a. the new fish food
b. the mass of the guppies
c. the number of fish in each tank
d. both a & b
4. what is the control group?
a. the regular fish food tank
b. the new fish food tank
c. the amount of mass gained
d. the number of fish

Question

Accepted Answer

### Question 8
# Brief Explanations:
Photosynthesis uses $ CO_2 $ and produces $ O_2 $. The indicator is yellow between $ CO_2 $ (which might make it more acidic, affecting indicator color) and $ O_2 $. If the organism photosynthesizes, it consumes $ CO_2 $ and produces $ O_2 $, so the indicator should shift towards the $ O_2 $-associated color. Assuming the indicator is like bromothymol blue (yellow in acid, green/blue in neutral/basic), with $ CO_2 $ consumption, acidity drops, so it would turn green (or red? Wait, maybe the indicator here: if yellow is between $ CO_2 $ (maybe acidic, yellow) and $ O_2 $ (maybe basic, red? Wait, no, typical indicators: bromothymol blue is yellow in acid (high $ CO_2 $), green in neutral, blue in basic (low $ CO_2 $, high $ O_2 $ from photosynthesis). Wait, the options are green or red. Wait, maybe the indicator here: if the organism does photosynthesis, it takes in $ CO_2 $, so the $ CO_2 $ level drops, so the indicator (which was yellow in $ CO_2 $-rich) would turn green (if green is the color for balanced or $ O_2 $-rich? Wait, maybe the question's indicator: when photosynthesis occurs, $ CO_2 $ is used, so the indicator (yellow between $ CO_2 $ and $ O_2 $) would move towards $ O_2 $'s color. If the options are green or red, maybe green? Wait, no, let's think again. Photosynthesis: $ 6CO_2 + 6H_2O
ightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 $. So $ CO_2 $ is consumed, $ O_2 $ is produced. The indicator was yellow (between $ CO_2 $ and $ O_2 $). So if $ CO_2 $ decreases, the indicator's color changes. If the indicator is yellow in $ CO_2 $ (acidic) and green in $ O_2 $ (neutral/basic), then it would turn green. So the answer is a. Green? Wait, no, maybe red. Wait, maybe the indicator is red for $ O_2 $-rich. Wait, the question says "between $ CO_2 $ and $ O_2 $". So yellow is the middle. If photosynthesis happens, $ CO_2 $ is used, so the environment becomes more $ O_2 $-rich, so the indicator moves towards $ O_2 $'s color. If $ O_2 $ is associated with red, then red? But I think typical indicators: bromothymol blue is yellow (acid, high $ CO_2 $), green (neutral), blue (basic, low $ CO_2 $, high $ O_2 $). But the options are green or red. Maybe the question's indicator is different. Alternatively, maybe the answer is green. Wait, the options are a. Green, b. Red. Let's check: when photosynthesis occurs, $ CO_2 $ is consumed, so the indicator (yellow in $ CO_2 $-presence) would turn green (as $ CO_2 $ decreases, moving towards $ O_2 $-presence, which is green? Or red? Maybe the answer is a. Green.
# Answer:
a. Green

### Question 9
# Brief Explanations:
Plants perform photosynthesis: $ 6CO_2 + 6H_2O
ightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 $. The glucose ($ C_6H_{12}O_6 $) and other organic compounds make up the plant's mass. The carbon and oxygen in glucose come from $ CO_2 $, and hydrogen from water. Sunlight is energy, not mass. Soil provides minerals, not most mass. Oxygen is a product, not a source of mass. So most mass comes from $ CO_2 $.
# Answer:
d. Carbon dioxide ($ CO_2 $)

### Question 10
# Brief Explanations:
Photosynthesis equation: $ 6CO_2 + 6H_2O \xrightarrow{\text{light energy}} C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 $. Reactants: $ CO_2 $, $ H_2O $, light. Products: glucose (sugar) and oxygen. Option a: $ CO_2 $ and water are reactants. Option b: sunlight is energy, not a product. Option c: sugar (glucose) and oxygen are products. Option d: those are reactants/energy. So correct is c.
# Answer:
c. Sugar and oxygen

### Experiment Design - Question 1
# Brief Explanations:
Independent variable is what's manipulated. Dr. Rivera changes the type of fish food (regular vs new). The mass of guppies is dependent (measured), 6 - week period is time (constant), number of fish is constant. So independent variable is type of fish food.
# Answer:
c. The type of fish food

### Experiment Design - Question 2
# Brief Explanations:
Dependent variable is what's measured (depends on independent variable). Here, the mass of guppies is measured to see the effect of fish food. Type of food is independent, water and time are constants. So dependent variable is mass of guppies.
# Answer:
b. The mass of the guppies

### Experiment Design - Question 3
# Brief Explanations:
A constant is a factor kept the same. Both tanks have the same number of fish (so it's constant). New fish food is the independent variable (changed), mass of guppies is dependent (measured, changes), so number of fish in each tank is constant. Option a: new fish food is manipulated (independent), not constant. Option b: mass is dependent (changes), not constant. Option c: number of fish is constant. Option d: A and B are not constants. So correct is c.
# Answer:
c. The number of fish in each tank

### Experiment Design - Question 4
# Brief Explanations:
Control group is the group with the standard condition (no manipulation of independent variable). The regular fish food tank is the control, as it's the group without the new food (the variable being tested). New food tank is experimental, mass gained is dependent, number of fish is constant. So control group is regular fish food tank.
# Answer:
a. The regular fish food tank

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