Question

question 1
1 pts

which of the two dyes had highest diffusion rate and why?

rose bengal because it had higher mass
potassium permanganate because it had higher mass.
potassium permanganate because it had lower mass
rose bengal because it had lower mass

Explanation:

🆕 New Concept Discovered: Molecular Mass and Diffusion Rate
How molecular weight affects movement speed

Step 1: Understand the relationship between mass and diffusion

Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. The rate at which a substance diffuses depends heavily on its molecular mass (or molecular weight).

According to Graham's Law of Diffusion, lighter molecules move faster than heavier molecules at a given temperature. This means that a substance with a lower molecular mass will diffuse at a faster rate than a substance with a higher molecular mass.

Step 2: Compare the molecular masses of the two dyes

Let's look at the molecular formulas and approximate molar masses of the two substances mentioned:

• Potassium permanganate (\(\text{KMnO}_4\)): Has a molecular mass of approximately \(158.03\text{ g/mol}\).
• Rose Bengal (\(\text{C}_{20}\text{H}_2\text{Cl}_4\text{I}_4\text{Na}_2\text{O}_5\)): Has a much larger, complex structure with a molecular mass of approximately \(1017.64\text{ g/mol}\).

Comparing the two, Potassium permanganate has a significantly lower molecular mass than Rose Bengal.

Step 3: Determine the correct option

Because Potassium permanganate has a lower molecular mass, its molecules move more rapidly, giving it a higher diffusion rate.

Therefore, the correct statement is: Potassium permanganate because it had lower mass.

Answer:

Potassium permanganate because it had lower mass