Question

1. which two organelles have a double membrane and are both responsible for making energy in cells?

a. nuclei and golgi apparatuses
c. ribosomes and centrioles
b. vacuoles and lysosomes
d. chloroplasts and mitochondria

1. the purpose of a lysosome is to

a. contain digestive chemicals used to break down food.
b. push and pull the other organelles throughout the cell.
c. store food and deliver food to the golgi apparatus.
d. carry the genetic material in the cell to the mitochondrion.

1. look at the diagram below.

which cellular organelle is represented by the diagram?
a. nucleus
c. plasma membrane
b. mitochondrion
d. endoplasmic reticulum

1. what is the membrane bound sacs that package and store proteins?

a. lysosomes
b. mitochondria
c. golgi apparatus
d. centrioles

1. carbohydrates are usually composed of sequences of carbon (c), hydrogen (h), and oxygen (o).

proteins differ from carbohydrates in that most proteins contain
a. potassium (k).
b. helium (he).
c. iron (fe).
d. nitrogen (n).

Explanation:

1. Chloroplasts (in plant cells) and mitochondria (in both plant and animal cells) have double - membranes. Chloroplasts make energy through photosynthesis (\(6CO_2 + 6H_2O

ightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6+6O_2\)) and mitochondria make energy through cellular respiration (\(C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2
ightarrow6CO_2+6H_2O + ATP\)).

1. Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes (like proteases, lipases etc.) to break down food, old organelles, and foreign particles.
2. The plasma membrane is made of a phospholipid bilayer (lipid molecules) with embedded proteins.
3. The Golgi apparatus modifies, packages, and stores proteins. It receives proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum and then distributes them.
4. Carbohydrates have the formula \(C_x(H_2O)_y\) (composed of \(C\), \(H\), \(O\)). Proteins are made of amino acids, and amino acids have an amino group (\(-NH_2\)), so most proteins contain nitrogen.

Answer:

1. D. Chloroplasts and mitochondria
2. A. contain digestive chemicals used to break down food
3. C. Plasma membrane
4. C. Golgi apparatus
5. D. nitrogen (N)