Question

which statements about particle movement in the image to the right are true? check all that apply. they are moving from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. it requires energy. it occurs naturally by diffusion. it involves the help of carrier proteins. extracellular space sodium na potassium k cell membrane atp adp intracellular space k

Explanation:

1. Analyze the image: The diagram shows the sodium - potassium pump (involving ATP hydrolysis, as ATP is converted to ADP and \(P_i\)), which is active transport.

• For the first statement: In active transport (like the sodium - potassium pump), particles (sodium and potassium here) move from low to high concentration, so the first statement is false.
• For the second statement: Active transport requires energy (from ATP hydrolysis, as seen with ATP being used), so this statement is true.
• For the third statement: Diffusion is passive (moves from high to low concentration without energy), while this is active transport, so this statement is false.
• For the fourth statement: The sodium - potassium pump uses carrier proteins (the protein structures in the membrane) to move ions, so this statement is true.

Answer:

• It requires energy.
• It involves the help of carrier proteins.