Question

which genus of the hominine group is the oldest according to current evidence?
a austrolopithecus
b paranthropus
c homo
d equs
e ardipithecus
question 4
which of the following best summarizes the correlation between skin pigmentation and geography?
a skin is lightest toward the equator, where uv radiation is strongest.
b skin is lightest toward the poles, where uv radiation is strongest.
c skin is darkest toward the equator, where uv radiation is strongest.
d skin is darkest toward the poles, where uv radiation is strongest.
e skin is darkest toward the equator, where uv radiation is weakest.

Explanation:

• Question 1: Ardipithecus is an early hominine genus. Fossil evidence places it earlier in the hominine evolutionary timeline compared to the other genera listed (Austrolopithecus, Paranthropus, Homo). Equus is a genus in the horse family, not part of the hominine group.
• Question 2: Skin pigmentation is an adaptation to UV radiation. Near the equator, where UV radiation is strongest, darker skin (higher melanin content) provides better protection against harmful UV rays. As one moves towards the poles (where UV radiation is weaker), skin tends to be lighter.

Answer:

• First question: E. Ardipithecus
• Second question: C. Skin is darkest toward the equator, where UV radiation is strongest.