Question

where did the atp and nadph used in phase 2 come from?
the thylakoid lumen
the light - dependent reactions
the calvin cycle
the mitochondria

Explanation:

In photosynthesis, the light - dependent reactions occur in the thylakoid membranes. These reactions generate ATP (through photophosphorylation) and NADPH (through the reduction of \(NADP^+\)). The Calvin cycle (Phase 2 of photosynthesis, which is light - independent) uses these ATP and NADPH. The thylakoid lumen is part of the structure where the light - dependent reactions take place but is not the source of ATP and NADPH in terms of the overall process description. The Calvin cycle consumes ATP and NADPH. Mitochondria are involved in cellular respiration, not in providing ATP and NADPH for the Calvin cycle in photosynthesis.

Answer:

the light - dependent reactions