Question

1. what process turns genes on or off?

a. fusion
b. fission
c. gene expression
d. osmosis

1. how many genes are in the human genome?

a. about 20,000
b. about 2,000
c. about 200,000
d. about 2 million

Explanation:

For question 9:

• Fusion is a nuclear process where two light - nuclei combine.
• Fission is a nuclear process where a heavy nucleus splits.
• Osmosis is the movement of water across a semi - permeable membrane.
• Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product, and it involves turning genes on (transcription and translation) or off (through regulatory mechanisms like repressors).

For question 10:

• The human genome project estimated that there are about 20,000 - 25,000 protein - coding genes in the human genome. Among the given options, about 20,000 is the closest.

Answer:

1. c. Gene expression
2. a. About 20,000