Question

1. what was one major way the industrial revolution changed society?

a. cities became smaller
b. work shifted from farms to factories
c. people bought fewer goods
d. government stopped passing labor laws

1. which invention or process led to mass production?

a. cottage industry
b. assembly line
c. feudal system
d. printing press

1. what was one negative effect of factory working conditions?

a. shorter workdays
b. clean, safe environments
c. child labor and long hours
d. high wages for all workers

1. louis pasteur is important because he:

a. invented the steam engine
b. improved understanding of germs and disease
c. created mass production
d. wrote the communist manifesto

Explanation:

1. During the Industrial Revolution, mechanization and factory - based production led to a shift of work from farms (agricultural - based work) to factories (industrial - based work). Cities grew larger as people moved for factory jobs, people bought more goods due to increased production, and labor laws were often passed (later in the Industrial Revolution era) to address poor working conditions.
2. The assembly line, pioneered in a more modern sense during the Industrial Revolution (e.g., Henry Ford's use in the early 20th - century industrial context which was an extension of earlier mass - production ideas), allowed for the efficient and rapid production of goods in large quantities. Cottage industry was a pre - industrial form of production, the feudal system was a medieval social and economic system, and the printing press was more related to the spread of information rather than mass production of physical goods in an industrial sense.
3. Factory working conditions during the Industrial Revolution were often harsh. There were long work hours (not shorter), unsafe and unclean environments (not clean and safe), and low wages for many workers (not high wages for all). Child labor was also a common and negative aspect as children were exploited in factories.
4. Louis Pasteur made significant contributions to the germ theory of disease. He showed that microorganisms (germs) cause diseases. The steam engine was invented by others (e.g., James Watt made improvements to it), mass production was more related to manufacturing processes like the assembly line, and the Communist Manifesto was written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.

Answer:

1. B. Work shifted from farms to factories
2. B. Assembly line
3. C. Child labor and long hours
4. B. Improved understanding of germs and disease