Question

1. what is the ability to maintain stable internal conditions called?
2. what is the name of the chemical message produced by glands of the endocrine system?
3. match the following vocabulary words to their definitions.

a. ____ brain stem 1. connects the brain to the rest of the body
b. ____ cerebellum 2. involuntary response to a stimulus that does not require the brain
c. ____ cerebrum 3. part of the brain responsible for communicating with the endocrine system and regulating emotions
d. ____ involuntary 4. part of the brain responsible for controlling basic involuntary body functions
e. ____ limbic system 5. part of the brain responsible for helping with cognition and coordination (muscle memory)
f. ____ reflex 6. part of the brain responsible for processing (integration) and consciousness
g. ____ spinal cord 7. type of action you choose to control
h. ____ voluntary 8. type of action you don’t need to control

1. complete the table below.

stimulus	type of receptor	location in body
light
pain
temperature
touch, pressure, vibrations

Explanation:

1. The ability to maintain stable internal conditions is called homeostasis. It is a fundamental concept in biology that organisms use to keep their internal environment consistent despite external changes.
2. The chemical messages produced by glands of the endocrine system are called hormones. Hormones regulate various physiological processes in the body.
3. For the matching - brain stem (4: part of the brain responsible for controlling basic involuntary body functions), cerebellum (5: part of the brain responsible for helping with cognition and coordination - muscle memory), cerebrum (6: part of the brain responsible for processing - integration and consciousness), involuntary (8: type of action you don’t need to control), limbic system (3: part of the brain responsible for communicating with the endocrine system and regulating emotions), reflex (2: involuntary response to a stimulus that does not require the brain), spinal cord (1: connects the brain to the rest of the body), voluntary (7: type of action you choose to control).
4. For the table -

• Chemicals: Chemoreceptor, located in the nose (olfactory receptors), tongue (taste buds), and other parts for detecting internal chemicals.
• Light: Photoreceptor, located in the eyes (rods and cones).
• Pain: Nociceptor, located throughout the body in skin, muscles, organs etc.
• Temperature: Thermoreceptor, located in the skin and hypothalamus.
• Touch, pressure, vibrations: Mechanoreceptor, located in the skin, muscles, and joints.

Answer:

1. Homeostasis
2. Hormones
3. a - 4, b - 5, c - 6, d - 8, e - 3, f - 2, g - 1, h - 7

4.

Stimulus	Type of receptor	Location in Body
Light	Photoreceptor	Eyes
Pain	Nociceptor	Throughout body (skin, muscles, organs)
Temperature	Thermoreceptor	Skin, hypothalamus
Touch, pressure, vibrations	Mechanoreceptor	Skin, muscles, joints