Question

a.
the system interacts with the external environment that is outside of the system’s boundary to exchange materials.

b.
the system cannot exchange any heat, work, or matter with the surroundings.

c.
the system does not interact or exchange materials with the outside environment.

1.
open

2.
closed

3.
isolated

Explanation:

1. Open System

An open system is defined as a system that can exchange both matter and energy (or other forms like work/heat in some contexts) with its surroundings. Option a says the system interacts with the external environment to exchange materials, which matches the definition of an open system.

A closed system is one that does not exchange matter with its surroundings but can exchange energy (heat, work). Option c says the system does not interact or exchange materials with the outside environment, which fits the closed system (since it restricts matter exchange, while energy exchange is still possible in the general definition, and the option focuses on material exchange).

An isolated system is a system that cannot exchange either matter or energy (heat, work) with its surroundings. Option b says the system cannot exchange any heat, work, or matter with the surroundings, which is the definition of an isolated system.

Answer:

1. Open - a. The system interacts with the external environment that is outside of the system’s boundary to exchange materials.

2. Closed System