Question

a student in norway enjoys eating gravlax (fermented raw salmon), which a student in the united states considers disgusting. this is an example of the influence of ______ on taste preferences.

biology
the ecology of eating
culture
universal taste preference

Explanation:

Culture shapes taste preferences. Norway has a cultural practice of eating gravlax, while in the US, it may not be part of the cultural food norms, leading to different perceptions. Biology (e.g., taste bud function) would affect basic taste like sweet/sour but not cultural - specific food preferences. The ecology of eating (availability of food in an area) is less relevant here as the focus is on cultural acceptance. Universal taste preference (e.g., liking sweet) is also not the case as this is about a specific cultural food item.

Answer:

C. culture