Question

scientists want to breed crop species that are resistant to a newly emerging fungal disease. why is the natural process of meiosis essential to their long - term success?
meiosis creates genetic variation allowing resistant trait combination.
meiosis is a form of asexual reproduction, allowing the rapid cloning of resistant strains.
meiosis maintains a constant number of chromosomes, preventing genetic errors.
meiosis ensures all offspring are identical, making it easier to select the best trait.
a cell is preparing to undergo a division that involves two successive separation events (meiosis i and meiosis ii). which event must occur only once, prior to the start of the first division, to ensure the cell has enough genetic material to complete both divisions?
dna replication during interphase.
alignment of chromosomes at the metaphase plate.
separation of sister chromatids.
crossing over between homologous chromosomes.

Explanation:

1. Meiosis involves processes like crossing - over and independent assortment, which generate genetic variation. This variation is crucial for combining traits (like disease - resistance traits) in crop species.
2. Before meiosis (both Meiosis I and Meiosis II), during the Interphase stage of the cell cycle, DNA replication occurs. This ensures that the cell has enough genetic material (duplicated chromosomes) to complete the two successive divisions of meiosis. DNA replication provides the necessary genetic material for the formation of four haploid cells at the end of meiosis.

Answer:

1. Meiosis creates genetic variation allowing resistant trait combination.
2. DNA replication during Interphase.