Question

review vocabulary
choose the letter of the best answer.

1. an inherited structure that has lost much of its original function is called a/an

a. fossil.
b. adaptation.
c. vestigial structure.
d. analogous structure.

1. the study of past and present distribution of organisms is called

a. evolution.
b. adaptation.
c. fossils.
d. biogeography.

match the vocabulary term to its definition.

1. ________ process by which organisms survive and reproduce a. analogous structures
2. ________ body parts similar in structure in different species b. homologous structures
3. ________ body parts similar in function but not in structure c. adaptation
4. ________ heritable characteristic that increases fitness d. natural selection

review key questions
provide evidence and details to support your answers.

1. what three patterns of biodiversity did darwin observe?

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1. what are two ways that lamarck’s ideas paved the way for later biologists such as darwin?

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1. why is heritable variation important for both artificial and natural selection?

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1. list three forms of evidence for descent from a common ancestor.

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1. how does the work of peter and rosemary grant illustrate natural selection?

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Explanation:

1. A vestigial structure is an inherited structure that has lost much of its original function. Fossils are remains of ancient organisms. Adaptation is a trait that helps an organism survive. Analogous structures are body parts similar in function but not in structure.
2. Biogeography is the study of past and present distribution of organisms. Evolution is the change in species over time. Adaptation is a trait. Fossils are remains.
3. Natural selection is the process by which organisms survive and reproduce.
4. Homologous structures are body parts similar in structure in different species.
5. Analogous structures are body parts similar in function but not in structure.
6. Adaptation is a heritable characteristic that increases fitness.

Answer:

1. C. vestigial structure
2. D. biogeography
3. d. natural selection
4. b. homologous structures
5. a. analogous structures
6. c. adaptation