Question

real life enzyme scenarios
please fill in the chart for every real - life scenario listed below. some boxes have been filled in for you!
scenario identify enzyme: identify substrate: illustrate the scenario (label enzyme and substrate in illustration): describe the relationship between the substrate and enzyme in the scenario
lactase is an enzyme that breaks down a sugar found in dairy products known as lactose. some people are lactose intolerant, and this can be due to not having enough lactase production. people who are lactose intolerant may not feel well after eating foods containing lactose. 6 lactose 7 8
an enzyme called glucocerebrosidase breaks down a glycolipid in the body known as glucocerebroside. however, in a genetic disease known as gauchers disease, the body does not produce enough glucocerebrosidase. therefore glucocerebroside can build up in the body and this can cause serious side effects such as anemia and swelling of the liver and spleen. 9 10 11 12
pancreatitis is an inflammation of the pancreas which can damage pancreatic tissue. the pancreas produces digestive enzymes such as amylase and lipase. these enzymes assist in breaking down certain food biomolecules. in this disorder, enzyme production from pancreatic tissue may be disrupted. 13 14 15 since the pancreatic tissue can be damaged in this disorder, the production of the enzymes (amylase and lipase) may be disrupted as well. this would affect the ability to break down certain types of food biomolecules (substrates)

Explanation:

For the lactase - lactose scenario:

• Lactase is the enzyme that acts on lactose (the substrate). The relationship is that lactase catalyzes the breakdown of lactose. In lactose - intolerant individuals, lack of sufficient lactase leads to problems digesting lactose.

For the glucocerebrosidase - glucocerebroside scenario:

• Glucocerebrosidase is the enzyme and glucocerebroside is the substrate. In Gaucher's disease, insufficient glucocerebrosidase production causes glucocerebroside to accumulate, leading to health issues.

For the pancreatitis scenario:

• Digestive enzymes like amylase and lipase are produced by the pancreas. Their substrates are certain food biomolecules. Pancreatitis can damage pancreatic tissue, disrupting enzyme production and affecting the breakdown of substrates.

Answer:

1. Lactase
2. Draw a lock - and - key model where lactase (the lock) fits lactose (the key) to show the enzyme - substrate interaction.
3. Lactase catalyzes the breakdown of lactose.
4. Glucocerebrosidase
5. Glucocerebroside
6. Draw a lock - and - key model where glucocerebrosidase (the lock) fits glucocerebroside (the key) to show the enzyme - substrate interaction.
7. Glucocerebrosidase catalyzes the breakdown of glucocerebroside, and lack of it causes substrate accumulation.
8. Amylase and Lipase (and other pancreatic digestive enzymes)
9. Carbohydrates (for amylase) and fats (for lipase) (food biomolecules)
10. Draw a lock - and - key model where amylase/lipase (the locks) fit their respective substrates (the keys) to show the enzyme - substrate interaction.