Question

read the newsela article on common types of asexual reproduction to answer the following question
sponges reproduce by forming gemmules, which are useful because they
○ allow movement from one place to another
○ survive harsh environmental conditions
○ help sponges find mates
○ increase genetic diversity

Explanation:

Gemmules are resistant structures. They can withstand harsh environmental conditions like drought, cold, etc. Sponges form gemmules which can remain dormant until favorable conditions return. Movement from one place to another is not the main function of gemmules. Asexual reproduction (like formation of gemmules) does not involve finding mates (which is a part of sexual reproduction). Asexual reproduction generally does not increase genetic diversity (as there is no combination of genetic material from two parents like in sexual reproduction).

Answer:

Survive harsh environmental conditions