Question

read the excerpt from \a case for waawaatesi.\

nocturnal animals sleep during the day and are active at night. light pollution radically alters their world by turning night into day.

the purpose of this excerpt is to appeal to readers

logos and reason.
ethos and credibility.
pathos and ethos.
logos and pathos.

Explanation:

Analyze the factual claims in the excerpt

The excerpt states: "Nocturnal animals sleep during the day and are are active at night. Light pollution radically alters their world by turning night into day."
The first sentence presents a biological fact about nocturnal animals. The second sentence presents a logical cause-and-effect relationship: light pollution turns night into day, which alters their natural habitat. This relies on factual evidence and logical reasoning, which is an appeal to logos.

Analyze the emotional or value-based appeals

The phrase "radically alters their world" highlights a dramatic, disruptive change to nature. This evokes concern, sympathy, or a sense of responsibility for the well-being of these animals, which is an appeal to the reader's emotions (pathos).

Evaluate the combination of rhetorical appeals

The excerpt does not establish the author's personal character, authority, or moral standing (ethos). Instead, it combines a logical explanation of ecological disruption (logos) with an emotional concern for the affected wildlife (pathos). Therefore, the purpose is to appeal to readers' logos and pathos.

Answer:

• logos and reason.
• ethos and credibility.
• pathos and ethos.
• logos and pathos. (Correct answer)