Question

question 1
the information in the mrna code is used to make a what?
o a polypeptide
b new dna strand
o c second rna strand
d nucleotide

question 2
if a human cell has more or less than the correct number of chromosomes, what is a likely result? select all that apply.
a it can cause cell cloning in humans.
b it can result in lower human diversity.
c it can cause mutations in the dna of the human.
d it can cause the humans dna to replicate.
e it can result in humans not being able to reproduce

question 3
which cells do not respond to the signals that regulate the growth of most cells?
a cancer cells
b 60 cells
c immortal cells
d stem cells

Explanation:

Question 1

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome. At the ribosome, the information in mRNA is translated into a polypeptide chain (a sequence of amino acids) through the process of translation. A new DNA strand is made during DNA replication. A second RNA strand (like tRNA, rRNA) has different functions. A nucleotide is a building block of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA), not directly made from mRNA code in the way described.

• Option a: Cell cloning in humans (therapeutic or reproductive) is a different process not directly caused by an abnormal chromosome number.
• Option b: An abnormal chromosome number (aneuploidy) can lead to genetic disorders. If such individuals have reduced fitness (e.g., higher mortality, reduced reproductive success), it can result in lower human diversity as these genetic variants may be less likely to be passed on.
• Option c: An abnormal chromosome number (like in trisomy or monosomy) is a form of chromosomal mutation. Chromosomal mutations can lead to changes in gene expression and can be considered a type of mutation in the DNA (at the chromosomal level).
• Option d: DNA replication is a normal process that occurs in cells for growth, repair, and reproduction. An abnormal chromosome number does not directly cause DNA replication; DNA replication is a regulated process that occurs in all cells as part of the cell cycle.
• Option e: Some genetic disorders due to abnormal chromosome numbers (e.g., Turner syndrome - XO in females) can lead to infertility. For example, in Turner syndrome, the lack of a second X - chromosome can cause problems with ovarian development and lead to infertility.

Cancer cells have lost the ability to respond to normal growth - regulating signals. They divide uncontrollably. G0 cells are in a quiescent state (not actively dividing) but can respond to signals to re - enter the cell cycle. Immortal cells (like some cell lines) may have altered growth properties but are not the same as cancer cells in terms of disregarding normal growth signals. Stem cells can differentiate and divide, but they still respond to signals that regulate their growth and differentiation.

Answer:

a. polypeptide

Question 2