Question

question 23
which of the following alternatives correctly defines dependence?
○ a need to use a drug regularly
○ increased doses of a drug are required to produce the same effect
○ increased desire to stop using a drug
○ negative experiences that accompany reducing or stopping drug use

question 24
in one research study, adolescents’ risk tolerance was ______ related to having tried cigarettes.
○ positively
○ perfectly
○ negatively

Explanation:

Question 23

To determine the correct definition of dependence:

• "A need to use a drug regularly" matches the concept of drug dependence (physical or psychological need for the drug).
• "Increased doses for same effect" is tolerance.
• "Increased desire to stop" does not define dependence.
• "Negative experiences on reducing/stopping" is withdrawal.

In research on adolescents, higher risk tolerance is associated with greater likelihood of trying risky behaviors like smoking cigarettes. So risk tolerance and having tried cigarettes are positively related (as one increases, the other tends to increase). "Perfectly" is too strong, and "negatively" would imply inverse relation, which is not the case here.

Answer:

a. a need to use a drug regularly

Question 24