Question

plant and animal cells also require cytoskeletal proteins for cytokinesis, although the roles these proteins play differ among bacteria, plants, and animals.
for each space in the table, drag the appropriate label to indicate if the statement is true or false for each group of organisms.

1. cells divide by constriction of a ring of protein.
2. the presence of a cell wall prevents the cell from dividing by constriction.
3. tubulin or tubulin - like molecules function in binary fission (in bacteria) or cytokinesis (in animals and plants).

Explanation:

1. Bacteria: Binary fission in bacteria involves a protein ring (FtsZ ring) constriction. Animal cells also use a contractile ring (not the same protein as FtsZ but a constriction - like mechanism) for cytokinesis. Plant cells do not divide by constriction of a protein ring as they have a rigid cell wall and form a cell plate during cytokinesis. So, the statement "Cells divide by constriction of a ring of protein" is true for bacteria and animals and false for plants.
2. Bacteria: Bacteria do not have a cell - wall - related prevention of constriction - based division as they divide by binary fission (constriction). Animal cells do not have a cell wall (they have a cell membrane), and their division is by constriction. Plant cells have a cell wall, and their division (cytokinesis) is by cell - plate formation (not by constriction), so the cell wall prevents constriction - based division. So, the statement "The presence of a cell wall prevents the cell from dividing by constriction" is false for bacteria and animals and true for plants.
3. Bacteria: Tubulin or tubulin - like molecules (FtsZ is tubulin - like) function in binary fission (in bacteria). Animal cells use actin and myosin (not tubulin in the same way as bacteria's binary fission, but tubulin is involved in spindle formation in mitosis, not in cytokinesis similar to bacterial binary fission). Plant cells have tubulin involved in spindle formation but not in a binary - fission - like cytokinesis. So, the statement "Tubulin or tubulin - like molecules function in binary fission (in bacteria) or cytokinesis (in animals and plants)" is true for bacteria and false for animals and plants.

Answer:

1. Bacteria: true; Animals: true; Plants: false
2. Bacteria: false; Animals: false; Plants: true
3. Bacteria: true; Animals: false; Plants: false