Question

part 1 - explain the science
clearly explain how ecosystems function, including

• ecological relationships (predation, parasitism, commensalism, mutualism, competition)
• energy flow through trophic levels
• cycling of matter, including the carbon and nitrogen cycles
• photosynthesis and cellular respiration as part of matter and energy flow

Explanation:

Ecosystems have organisms in various relationships. Energy moves through trophic levels. Matter cycles like carbon and nitrogen. Photosynthesis and respiration drive matter - energy flow.

Answer:

Ecosystems function via complex interactions of organisms, energy flow, matter cycling, and key metabolic processes.