name class
section 2 review nses 15 1a, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f, 3a, 3b
section vocabulary
kidney one of the pair of organs that filter water and wastes from the blood and that excrete products as urine
nephron the unit in the kidney that filters blood
urinary system the organs that make, store, and eliminate urine
1. list what are the main organs that make up the urinary system?

2. summarize complete the process chart to show how blood is filtered.

a. water is put back in the blood.
b. blood goes into the kidney.
c. water and waste go into the nephron.
d. nephrons separate water and waste.
3. apply concepts which of the following has more water: the blood going into the kidney, or the blood leaving it? explain your answer.

4. explain how does the urinary system control the amount of water in the body?

5. infer is it a good idea to drink beverages with caffeine when you are exercising? explain your answer.

copyright © by holt, rinehart and winston. all rights reserved.
interactive textbook 392 the digestive and urinary systems

Question

name class
section 2 review nses 15 1a, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f, 3a, 3b
section vocabulary
kidney one of the pair of organs that filter water and wastes from the blood and that excrete products as urine
nephron the unit in the kidney that filters blood
urinary system the organs that make, store, and eliminate urine
1. list what are the main organs that make up the urinary system?

2. summarize complete the process chart to show how blood is filtered.

a. water is put back in the blood.
b. blood goes into the kidney.
c. water and waste go into the nephron.
d. nephrons separate water and waste.
3. apply concepts which of the following has more water: the blood going into the kidney, or the blood leaving it? explain your answer.

4. explain how does the urinary system control the amount of water in the body?

5. infer is it a good idea to drink beverages with caffeine when you are exercising? explain your answer.

copyright © by holt, rinehart and winston. all rights reserved.
interactive textbook 392 the digestive and urinary systems

Accepted Answer

### Question 1
# Brief Explanations:
The urinary system's main organs are kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. Kidneys filter blood, ureters carry urine to bladder, bladder stores it, and urethra eliminates it.
# Answer:
The main organs of the urinary system are the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra.

### Question 2
# Explanation:
## Step1: Identify the start
The process of blood filtration starts with blood entering the kidney (b).
## Step2: Next step
After blood enters kidney, water and waste go into nephron (c).
## Step3: Then
Nephrons separate water and waste (d).
## Step4: Final step
Water is put back in blood (a).
# Answer:
Top to bottom: b, c, d, a (or the boxes are filled with "Blood goes into the kidney", "Water and waste go into the nephron", "Nephrons separate water and waste", "Water is put back in the blood" respectively)

### Question 3
# Brief Explanations:
Blood going into kidney has more water. When blood enters kidney, water is filtered into nephrons. Some water is reabsorbed, but initially, incoming blood has more water as it hasn't undergone filtration - reabsorption yet.
# Answer:
The blood going into the kidney has more water. When blood enters the kidney, water is filtered out (along with waste) into nephrons. Although some water is reabsorbed back into the blood, the blood entering the kidney has not yet had water removed for filtration, so it has a higher water content than the blood leaving (which has had some water filtered and then partially reabsorbed, resulting in less water than the incoming blood).

### Question 4
# Brief Explanations:
The urinary system controls water by nephrons reabsorbing water. If body needs more water, nephrons reabsorb more; if less, less is reabsorbed, so more is excreted as urine. Hormones like ADH also regulate this reabsorption.
# Answer:
The urinary system controls water amount via the nephrons in the kidneys. Nephrons filter blood, and then reabsorb water back into the bloodstream (the rest becomes part of urine). If the body needs to retain water (e.g., when dehydrated), more water is reabsorbed from the nephrons into the blood. If the body has excess water, less water is reabsorbed, so more is excreted in urine. Hormones (like antidiuretic hormone, ADH) also regulate how much water the nephrons reabsorb.

### Question 5
# Brief Explanations:
No, it's not good. Caffeine is a diuretic, so it increases urine production. When exercising, body loses water via sweat, so drinking caffeinated beverages would cause more water loss, leading to dehydration.
# Answer:
It is not a good idea to drink caffeinated beverages while exercising. Caffeine is a diuretic, meaning it increases urine production (causes the body to excrete more water). When exercising, the body already loses water through sweating. Drinking caffeinated drinks would further increase water loss via urine, which can lead to dehydration (not having enough water in the body), which is harmful during exercise as the body needs to maintain proper hydration for functioning.

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Explanation:

Question 1

Step1: Identify the start

Step2: Next step

Step3: Then

Step4: Final step

Answer:

Question 2