Question

mutations
name:
compare the mutated dnas with the original strand. determine what kind of gene
mutation has occurred.
original dna a t g c a t t t a g g c a
mrna u a c g u a a u c c g u
amino acids
mutated dna #1 a t g c a t c a g g c a
mrna u a c g u a g u c c g u
amino acids
type of mutation: deletion
mutated dna #2 a t g c a t c t a g g c
mrna u a c g u a g a u c c g
amino acids
type of mutation: insertion
mutated dna #3 a t g t a t t t a g g c a
mrna u a c a u a a u c c g u
amino acids
type of mutation:
mutated dna #4 a t c a t t t a g g c a t
mrna u a g u a a u c c g u a
amino acids
type of mutation:

Explanation:

Step1: Analyze Mutated DNA #3

Original DNA: ATGCATTAGGCA
Mutated DNA #3: ATGTATTAGGCA
Here, the \(C\) in the original DNA (4th position) is changed to \(T\). This is a substitution mutation as one base is replaced by another.

Step2: Analyze Mutated DNA #4

Original DNA: ATGCATTAGGCA
Mutated DNA #4: ATCATTAGGGCAT
The original DNA has 12 bases. The mutated DNA #4 has 13 bases. There is an insertion of a base (\(T\) at the end).

Answer:

Mutated DNA #3: Substitution; Mutated DNA #4: Insertion