Question

3 multiple choice 2 points
earths hydrosphere is best described as the
solid outer layer of earth
liquid outer layer of earth
magma layer located below earths stiffer mantle
gaseous layer extending several hundred kilometers from earth into space
4 multiple choice 2 points
plants use many gallons of water every day. almost all of the water used by plants is absorbed through the roots. water leaves plants by which process?
infiltration
precipitation
runoff
transpiration
5 multiple choice 2 points
which statement best describes the roles of photosynthesis and respiration in the carbon cycle?
respiration and photosynthesis both add carbon to the atmosphere.
respiration and photosynthesis both remove carbon from the atmosphere.
respiration adds carbon to the atmosphere, while photosynthesis removes carbon from the atmosphere.
photosynthesis adds carbon to the atmosphere, while respiration removes carbon from the atmosphere.

Explanation:

• Question 3: The hydrosphere consists of all water on Earth, which is in liquid form (oceans, lakes, etc.). The solid outer layer is the lithosphere, magma is part of the interior, and the gaseous layer is the atmosphere.
• Question 4: Transpiration is the process by which water vapor leaves plants (through stomata). Infiltration is water entering soil, precipitation is water falling (rain, snow), and runoff is water flowing on land.
• Question 5: Respiration (e.g., by animals) releases \(CO_2\) (adds carbon to atmosphere). Photosynthesis (by plants) uses \(CO_2\) (removes carbon from atmosphere).

Answer:

• Question 3: liquid outer layer of Earth
• Question 4: transpiration
• Question 5: Respiration adds carbon to the atmosphere, while photosynthesis removes carbon from the atmosphere.