Question

1 multiple choice 20 points which of the following characteristics is a fundamental difference that separates the organisms in the kingdoms archaea and bacteria from those in the kingdoms protista, fungi, plantae, and animalia. organisms in kingdoms archaea and bacteria all have rigid cell walls. organisms in kingdoms archaea and bacteria are all prokaryotic, lacking a membrane - bound nucleus and organelles. all organisms in all kingdoms are heterotrophic (must eat other organisms). organisms in kingdoms archaea and bacteria contain linear dna. 2 multiple choice 20 points organisms in the kingdom fungi are best characterized by their unique combination of nutrition and cell wall composition. which description is correct for fungi? heterotrophic by ingestion and lacking cell walls. all autotrophic with cell walls made of cellulose and chitin. mixed nutrition (both heterotrophic and autotrophic) with cell walls made of cellulose. heterotrophic by absorption of decaying organisms with a cell wall made of chitin (a protein much like keratin).

Explanation:

For question 1:

• Organisms in Archaea and Bacteria are prokaryotic (lack membrane - bound nucleus and organelles), while Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia are eukaryotic (have membrane - bound nucleus and organelles).
• Some organisms in Protista, Plantae have cell walls. Not all organisms in all kingdoms are heterotrophic (plants are autotrophic). Archaea and Bacteria have circular DNA.

For question 2:

• Fungi are heterotrophic (they cannot make their own food). They absorb nutrients from decaying organisms (saprophytic). Their cell walls are made of chitin.
• Animals are heterotrophic by ingestion. Plants are autotrophic with cellulose cell walls. There are no fungi that are autotrophic or have a mix of autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition in the traditional sense.

Answer:

1. Organisms in Kingdoms Archaea and Bacteria are all prokaryotic, lacking a membrane - bound nucleus and organelles.
2. Heterotrophic by absorption of decaying organisms with a cell wall made of chitin (a protein much like keratin).