Question

match the term to its description.
convergent evolution
temporal isolation
divergent evolution
punctuated equilibrium
gradualism
geographic isolation
reproductive isolation
speciation
closely related species evolve different phenotypes
a physical barrier separating populations
the idea that evolution happens in spurts
barriers relating to time such as mating seasons or time of day
distantly related species evolve similar phenotypes
the idea that evolution happens gradually over time
members of isolated populations are no longer able to mate and produce viable offspring
evolution of 2 or more species from one ancestral species

Explanation:

• Convergent evolution: Distantly related species evolve similar phenotypes. This is because they face similar environmental pressures and adapt in similar ways.
• Temporal isolation: Barriers relating to time such as mating seasons or time of day. This prevents species from mating as their reproductive times do not overlap.
• Divergent evolution: Closely related species evolve different phenotypes. This occurs when populations of a species become isolated (e.g., geographically) and adapt to different environments.
• Punctuated equilibrium: The idea that evolution happens in spurts. There are long periods of stasis (little change) interrupted by short periods of rapid evolution.
• Gradualism: The idea that evolution happens gradually over time. Opposite to punctuated equilibrium, it suggests slow and steady change.
• Geographic isolation: A physical barrier separating populations. This can lead to speciation as separated populations evolve independently.
• Reproductive isolation: Members of isolated populations are no longer able to mate and produce viable offspring. This is a key aspect of speciation.
• Speciation: Evolution of 2 or more species from one ancestral species. This can occur through various mechanisms like geographic isolation, reproductive isolation etc.

Answer:

• Convergent evolution: distantly related species evolve similar phenotypes
• Temporal isolation: barriers relating to time such as mating seasons or time of day
• Divergent evolution: closely related species evolve different phenotypes
• Punctuated equilibrium: the idea that evolution happens in spurts
• Gradualism: the idea that evolution happens gradually over time
• Geographic isolation: a physical barrier separating populations
• Reproductive isolation: members of isolated populations are no longer able to mate and produce viable offspring
• Speciation: evolution of 2 or more species from one ancestral species