Question

how does natural selection influence the traits of a population?
a. it eliminates all genetic variation
b. it randomly changes traits over generations
c. it favors individuals with advantageous traits for their environment
d. it ensures all individuals survive equally

what involves the transmission of traits from parents to offspring?
a. inheritance
b. adaptation
c. variation
d. natural selection

observable adaptations in organisms are primarily a result of which process?
a. genetic drift
b. mutation
c. migration
d. natural selection

Explanation:

• First question:
• Natural selection does not eliminate all genetic variation (a is wrong). It is not random (b is wrong). And not all individuals survive equally (d is wrong). It favors individuals with advantageous traits for their environment (c is correct).
• Second question:
• Inheritance is the transmission of traits from parents to offspring (a is correct). Adaptation is about fitting to the environment, variation is differences in traits, and natural selection acts on variation.
• Third question:
• Genetic drift is random change in allele frequencies. Mutation is a change in DNA. Migration is movement of individuals. Natural selection leads to observable adaptations as it selects for traits that are beneficial (d is correct).

Answer:

1. C. It favors individuals with advantageous traits for their environment.
2. A. Inheritance.
3. D. Natural selection.