Question

1. how are fruits and seeds formed? 2. what is the difference between cross - pollination and self - pollination? section review 3.2

Explanation:

1. Fruits and seeds are formed through fertilization in plants. After pollination (transfer of pollen from anther to stigma), fertilization occurs when the male - gamete fuses with the female - gamete in the ovule. The ovary develops into a fruit and the ovule develops into a seed.
2. Cross - pollination involves the transfer of pollen from the anther of one flower to the stigma of another flower, usually of the same species. It promotes genetic diversity. Self - pollination is the transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of the same flower or another flower on the same plant. It results in offspring with less genetic variation compared to cross - pollination.

Answer:

1. Fruits and seeds are formed after fertilization following pollination. Pollen is transferred to the stigma, fertilization occurs in the ovule where male and female gametes fuse, the ovary develops into a fruit and the ovule into a seed.
2. Cross - pollination is the transfer of pollen between different flowers (usually of the same species), promoting genetic diversity. Self - pollination is the transfer of pollen within the same flower or to another flower on the same plant, resulting in less genetic variation.