Question

1. how are dna and chromosomes related to one another?
2. circle whether each statement below is true or false.

a. true or false: all the body cells in an organism have the same type/number of chromosomes.
b. true or false: cell division creates 4 cells.
c. true or false: daughter cells after division are identical to the parent cells.
d. true or false: dna in a cell will never be copied.
e. true or false: the cell cycle only happens to each cell once.

1. what is interphase? define what happens in g1, s, and g2 phase.

Explanation:

• a: In a multicellular organism, all body cells (somatic cells) are derived from a single - celled zygote through mitosis. Mitosis ensures that the genetic material (and thus the number and type of chromosomes) is maintained. So, all body cells in an organism have the same type/number of chromosomes.
• b: Mitosis creates 2 cells, and meiosis (a special type of cell division for gamete formation) creates 4 cells. So, the general statement that cell division creates 4 cells is false.
• c: In mitosis, the daughter cells are identical to the parent cells. In meiosis, although the daughter cells (gametes) have half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell (in a diploid organism), they still carry the full complement of genetic information for that species. So, the statement is false.
• d: DNA is copied (replicated) during the S - phase of the cell cycle. So, the statement that DNA in a cell will never be copied is false.
• e: Cells can go through the cell cycle multiple times. For example, skin cells are constantly being replaced through the cell cycle. So, the statement that the cell cycle only happens to each cell once is false.

Answer:

a. TRUE
b. FALSE
c. FALSE
d. FALSE
e. FALSE