Question

if hiv is allowed to enter the epithelium of the vaginal walls, what is the first level of the immune system it would have to defeat to cause an infection?
○ the autoimmune system
○ the innate immune system
○ cell - mediated immunity
○ humoral immunity
question 31
1 pts
the chemical modulators of the immune system that increase during inflammation are
○ endocrines.
○ lymphocytes.
○ cytokines.
○ antibodies.

Explanation:

First Question (HIV and Immune System)

The immune system has two main parts: innate (first line, non - specific) and adaptive (specific, including cell - mediated and humoral immunity). Autoimmune system is for self - attack, not defense against pathogens. So HIV first faces innate immunity.

Endocrines are hormonal messengers, lymphocytes are cells, antibodies are proteins for specific immunity. Cytokines are chemical modulators that increase in inflammation to regulate immune responses.

Answer:

B. the innate immune system

Question 31 (Chemical Modulators in Inflammation)