Question

french revolution test
multiple choice (4 points each)
he following document to answer questions 1 - 2.
“... men are born and remain free and equal in rights. social distinctions may be founded only upon the
general good...”
— declaration of the rights of man and of the citizen, 1789

1. which principle of the enlightenment philosophers is expressed in this quotation from the french

revolution?
(1) natural rights
(2) absolutism
(3) nationalism
(4) divine right

1. the point of view in this quote was used to justify which of the following?

(1) the rise of fascism in italy following world war i
(2) british imperialism in india
(3) the overthrow of the monarchy during the french revolution
(4) the power of absolute monarchs
base your answers to questions 3 and 4 on the illustration below and on your knowledge of social
studies.

1. this drawing illustrates conditions that contributed primarily to the beginning of the

(1) protestant reformation
(2) french revolution
(3) napoleonic wars
(4) european renaissance

Explanation:

Question 1

The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen emphasizes that men are born with certain rights (free and equal in rights). Enlightenment philosophers like John Locke talked about natural rights (life, liberty, property). Absolutism is about absolute power of monarchs (opposite of the quote's idea). Nationalism is about loyalty to nation. Divine Right is the idea that monarchs rule by God's will.

The idea of men being free and equal (natural rights) was used to overthrow the monarchy (which was based on old - order like divine right and inequality). Fascism in Italy (1920s) is a different context. British imperialism in India is about colonial rule. The quote's idea goes against the power of absolute monarchs (supports overthrowing them).

The drawing likely shows the social inequality (the Third Estate - Peasants & Professionals - carrying the Clergy and Nobility) which was a major cause of the French Revolution. The Protestant Reformation was about religious issues. Napoleonic Wars were after the French Revolution. The European Renaissance was about cultural rebirth (14 - 17th centuries), not directly related to the social inequality shown (which was a 18th - century French Revolution cause).

Answer:

1. A. Natural rights

Question 2