Question

exam chapter 3
choose the group of terms that best describes the process of diffusion.
passive; carriers; up a concentration gradient
passive; kinetic energy; down a concentration gradient
active; carriers; down a concentration gradient
active; kinetic energy; up a concentration gradient

Explanation:

Diffusion is a passive process (does not require energy input like ATP). It relies on the kinetic energy of molecules. Molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration (down a concentration gradient). Active transport requires energy (usually ATP) and can move substances against a concentration gradient. Carriers are involved in facilitated diffusion (a type of passive transport but with specific transporters) but the general process of diffusion (simple diffusion) does not need carriers.

Answer:

passive; kinetic energy; down a concentration gradient