Question

1. dolly the sheep was the first mammal cloned from a somatic cell (any body cell that is not a sperm or egg cell). this was done by removing the nucleus of an egg cell and replacing it with the nucleus of a somatic cell from the mammary gland of another sheep. the donor of the egg cell had a black face, while the donor of the somatic cell had a white face. since dolly had a white face, it was assumed that dolly had the genetic makeup of the somatic cell donor. dna testing verified that dolly was, indeed, of the same genetic makeup as the somatic cell donor. dolly had the identical genetic makeup of the somatic donor and did not share any genetics of the egg donor. another way that humans have been able to manipulate the characteristics of organisms is through artificial selection (selective breeding). through selective breeding, different dog breeds are created with desired characteristics. one such dog is the english bulldog. over the years, this animal has been bred to be larger and to appear more intimidating. however, because of the excess in selective breeding over many generations, todays english bulldogs can suffer from a variety of health problems. in general, they have a high incidence of cancer, skin problems, arthritis, and will likely have a short life span. which statement describes a similarity between cloning and selective breeding? both processes will produce organisms that are identical copies to the parents. both processes replicate identical features of the donor. both processes are controlled by humans both processes will eliminate disease that are found in the donor. clear all

Explanation:

Cloning and selective breeding are both methods of manipulating the characteristics of organisms. Cloning produces an organism with the same genetic makeup as the donor (in Dolly's case, the somatic - cell donor). Selective breeding involves humans choosing which organisms to breed to replicate desired features (like breeding English bulldogs for certain physical traits). Both processes are ways in which humans influence the traits of organisms, which means they are both controlled by humans.

• The first option is incorrect because in selective breeding, the offspring are not identical copies of the parents (they have a combination of traits from selected parents).
• The second option is incorrect as selective breeding does not replicate identical features of a single donor (it combines traits from multiple selected parents in a population over generations).
• The fourth option is incorrect because neither cloning nor selective breeding necessarily eliminates diseases. Cloning may carry over genetic diseases of the donor, and selective breeding can sometimes inadvertently increase the prevalence of certain genetic diseases (as seen with English bulldogs).

Answer:

Both processes are controlled by humans.