Question

complete each sentence by selecting the appropriate word or phrase in each blank.

1. also known as the click to select division, the sympathetic nervous system exits the cns via the spinal nerves from t1-l2.
2. action potentials travel along the preganglionic axons and enter the click to select.
3. axons exiting the sympathetic chain ganglia take one of three routes: the spinal nerve route, the sympathetic nerve route, or the click to select nerve route.
4. arriving at target cells, click to select axons release acetylcholine or norepinephrine into the synaptic cleft.
5. the effect of norepinephrine binding to click to select receptors stimulates cardiac muscle cells.

click to select
adrenergic
cholinergic
craniosacral
preganglionic
thoracolumbar
splanchnic
postganglionic
sympathetic chain ganglion

Explanation:

1. The sympathetic nervous system is also called the thoracolumbar division as its preganglionic neurons originate from the thoracic (T1 - T12) and lumbar (L1 - L2) regions of the spinal cord.
2. Action potentials travel along preganglionic axons and enter the sympathetic chain ganglion. The sympathetic chain ganglia are a series of ganglia that run along both sides of the spinal cord.
3. Axons exiting the sympathetic chain ganglia can take one of three routes: the spinal nerve route, the sympathetic nerve route, or the splanchnic nerve route. Splanchnic nerves are part of the sympathetic nervous system that innervate internal organs.
4. Postganglionic axons (the axons of neurons that come after the ganglion in the autonomic nervous system pathway) release acetylcholine or norepinephrine into the synaptic cleft.
5. Norepinephrine is an adrenergic neurotransmitter. Adrenergic receptors are the receptors that bind norepinephrine (and epinephrine). When norepinephrine binds to adrenergic receptors on cardiac muscle cells, it stimulates them.

Answer:

1. thoracolumbar
2. sympathetic chain ganglion
3. splanchnic
4. postganglionic
5. adrenergic