Question

comparing microbiomes investigation. read the direction sheet at your table for how to complete this investigation. complete the table below as you examine the three texts about our microbiomes. see: which group has the greatest microbiome diversity? what are the most common bacteria in the guts of each group? (italians vs hadza) describe the differences in diet between the three groups. which group has more contact with different types of bacteria in their environment? think: why do you think there are differences in the microbiome between the groups? how do you think diet and lifestyle impact the microbiome? how do you think exposure to antibiotics has shaped the microbiome? what impact on health do you think having more or less diversity in the microbiome may have? wonder: based on your understanding of the diet and lifestyle of the average american, what do you predict about their microbiome in comparison to the hadza? or the average italian?

Explanation:

The questions pertain to the study of microbiomes, which involves understanding the composition, diversity, and influencing factors of microorganisms in different populations. Diet, lifestyle, and antibiotic - exposure are key factors considered in microbiome research.

Answer:

• See:
• The Hadza, a hunter - gatherer group, may have greater microbiome diversity due to their diverse, natural diet and exposure to a wide range of environmental bacteria.
• Common gut bacteria in Italians might include Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, while Hadza gut microbiota may have a higher prevalence of Prevotella due to their high - fiber, plant - rich diet.
• The Hadza likely have more contact with different types of bacteria in their environment due to their outdoor, less sanitized lifestyle.
• Think:
• Differences in microbiome between groups can be due to diet (e.g., processed vs. unprocessed foods), lifestyle (sedentary vs. active), and antibiotic use (more in industrialized populations).
• Diet and lifestyle impact the microbiome by providing different substrates for bacteria (e.g., fiber for fiber - degrading bacteria) and altering the environment in which bacteria live (e.g., exercise can change gut motility).
• Antibiotics can reduce microbiome diversity by killing both harmful and beneficial bacteria, potentially leading to overgrowth of resistant strains.
• Higher microbiome diversity may be associated with better health, such as improved digestion, immune function, and reduced risk of chronic diseases, while lower diversity may be linked to increased disease susceptibility.
• Wonder:
• The average American diet, which is often high in processed foods and low in fiber, may result in a less diverse microbiome compared to the Hadza. Compared to Italians, Americans may have more gut dysbiosis due to higher antibiotic use and a less balanced diet. Italians, with their Mediterranean diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and healthy fats, may have a more diverse and beneficial microbiome than Americans but less than the Hadza due to a more sanitized environment.