Question

in the beaker below, a cell is placed in a solution. the cell is represented by the cross
use this beaker to answer questions 8 - 9.

1. what type of solution was the cell placed in?

a. hypertonic solution
b. hypotonic solution
c. isotonic solution
d. osmosis is not occurring in this cell

1. what is the direction of osmosis?

a. the direction of osmosis is entering the cell
b. the direction of osmosis is exiting the cell
c. the direction of osmosis is entering & exiting the
d. osmosis is not occurring in this cell.
b.c.1: cell structure and function
for questions 10 - 14, use the diagram above.

1. what process does the simplified diagram illustrate and how can you tell?

a. photosynthesis - h₂o is converted into o₂.
b. protein synthesis - co₂ is converted into a carbon sugar.
c. photosynthesis - co₂ is converted into o₂.
d. chemosynthesis - o₂ is converted into h₂o.

1. what are two high - energy molecules shown in the diagram that transfer energy?

a. atp and nadp+
b. adp and nadp+
c. atp and nadph
d. adp and nadph

Explanation:

• Question 8:
• A hypertonic solution has a higher solute concentration (lower water concentration) compared to the inside of the cell. Here, the cell has 25% water (\(100 - 75\%\) solution) and the beaker has 15% water. So, the beaker solution is hypertonic.
• Question 9:
• Osmosis is the movement of water from an area of higher water concentration to an area of lower water concentration. The cell has a higher water concentration (25%) than the beaker (15%), so water will move out of the cell.
• Question 10:
• In photosynthesis, water (\(H_2O\)) is split to release oxygen (\(O_2\)) (light - dependent reactions) and carbon dioxide (\(CO_2\)) is converted into glucose (\(C_6H_{12}O_6\)) (Calvin cycle). Option a is incorrect because while \(H_2O\) to \(O_2\) is part of photosynthesis, the conversion of \(CO_2\) to sugar is also crucial. Option b (protein synthesis) and option d (chemosynthesis) are not relevant. Option c correctly identifies photosynthesis as \(CO_2\) is converted into a carbon - sugar (\(C_6H_{12}O_6\)).
• Question 11:
• ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate - hydrogen) are high - energy molecules. ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and \(NADP^{+}\) are low - energy (or not the high - energy forms in this context).

Answer:

• 8. A. Hypertonic Solution
• 9. B. The direction of osmosis is exiting the cell
• 10. C. Photosynthesis – \(CO_2\) is converted into a carbon sugar
• 11. C. ATP and NADPH