Question

animal behaviors for reproduction
lesson 3 quiz
write the letter of the correct answer on the line at left.

1. ethan went with his family to florida for vacation and had the opportunity to observe sea turtles hatching. after breaking out of their shells, the young hatchlings headed toward the ocean as quickly as possible. what kind of behavior were the hatchlings exhibiting?

a. avoidance
b. navigation
c. migration
d. instinct
write an answer for the following question in the space provided.

1. ally sees a photograph of a macaroni penguin that lives in south georgia, a sub-antarctic island. she reads more about these penguins and learns that they mate for life. she knows that not all animals mate for life and that there are various combinations of mating systems. describe two of the mating systems, and explain why different systems exist.

write the letters of the correct answers on the line at left.

1. animals communicate for various reasons, but one main reason is for reproduction. in what ways do animals communicate with other members of their species with the goal of reproduction? choose the three that apply.

a. sound
b. aggression
c. pheromones
d. defending territory
e. displaying bright colors

Explanation:

• Question 1: Instinct is an innate behavior that animals are born with. Sea turtle hatchlings heading to the ocean immediately after hatching is an instinctive behavior as they do not learn it from experience. Avoidance behavior is about escaping from a threat (not shown here). Navigation usually involves more complex path - finding over longer distances. Migration is a seasonal movement (not relevant here).
• Question 2:
• Monogamy: In monogamy, one male mates with one female. This can be beneficial for raising offspring as both parents can contribute to care (e.g., in some bird species).
• Polygyny: One male mates with multiple females. This can be advantageous for the male to pass on his genes widely. For example, in some deer species, a dominant male can have a harem of females. Different systems exist because of factors like resource availability (e.g., if resources are scarce, monogamy may be better for offspring survival as both parents can gather resources), and sexual selection (males may compete for multiple females to maximize their reproductive success).
• Question 3:
• Sound: Many animals use calls to attract mates. For example, frogs croak to attract females.
• Pheromones: These are chemical signals. Insects often use pheromones to signal their availability for mating.
• Displaying bright colors: In many bird species (like peacocks), bright colors are used in courtship displays to attract mates. Aggression (B) and defending territory (D) are more related to competition and protection rather than direct communication for reproduction.

Answer:

1. D. instinct
2. Monogamy: One male - one female, beneficial for offspring care. Polygyny: One male - multiple females, maximizes male's reproductive success. Different systems exist due to resource availability and sexual selection.
3. A. sound, C. pheromones, E. displaying bright colors