Question

in albert banduras social - cognitive theory, behavior refers to _____.
a actions that occur without conscious thought or intentionality
b actions that are internally motivated
c anything an individual does that can be punished or rewarded
d reactions that are externally motivated

Explanation:

Albert Bandura's social - cognitive theory emphasizes that behavior is any action an individual performs which can be subject to punishment or reward. This is in line with the reciprocal determinism concept where behavior, environment, and personal factors interact. Option A is incorrect as Bandura's theory does not focus on unconscious actions. Option B is too narrow as internal motivation is not the sole focus. Option D is also incorrect as external motivation alone does not capture the essence of behavior in his theory.

Answer:

C. anything an individual does that can be punished or rewarded