Question

1. according to the law of conservation of energy, when energy appears to be \lost,\ it actually:

a) becomes mass
b) transforms into a less useful form like heat
c) disappears completely
d) turns into potential energy permanently

1. which statement correctly connects photosynthesis and respiration?

a) photosynthesis stores energy; respiration releases it.
b) respiration stores sunlight energy; photosynthesis releases atp.
c) both create energy from nothing.
d) both occur only in plant cells.
part c - short response

1. a roller coaster car has 5,000 j of potential energy at the top of a hill and 4,200 j of kinetic energy at the bottom.

o a) how much energy was converted into other forms?
o b) explain where that energy went using the law of conservation of energy.

Explanation:

Step1: Apply the Law of Conservation of Energy

The Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy is neither created nor destroyed. At the top of the hill, the roller - coaster car has only potential energy \(E_{p}=5000\ J\). At the bottom, it has kinetic energy \(E_{k} = 4200\ J\). Let the energy converted into other forms be \(E\). Then, according to the law \(E_{p}=E_{k}+E\).

Step2: Solve for \(E\)

Rearrange the equation \(E = E_{p}-E_{k}\). Substitute \(E_{p}=5000\ J\) and \(E_{k}=4200\ J\) into the equation. So, \(E=5000 - 4200\).

According to the Law of Conservation of Energy, energy is conserved. The initial potential energy at the top of the hill is converted into kinetic energy at the bottom and other forms of energy (such as heat due to friction, sound energy). The amount of energy converted into other forms is the difference between the initial potential energy and the final kinetic energy.

b) The energy that was converted into other forms (800 J) went into forms like heat (due to air resistance and friction between the roller - coaster wheels and the track) and sound energy. The Law of Conservation of Energy ensures that the total energy of the system (roller - coaster car + environment) remains constant. The initial potential energy is just redistributed into kinetic energy of the car and non - mechanical forms (heat, sound) of energy in the environment.

Answer:

a) \(800\ J\)