Question

60 biology exam 4

1. what does a cell make during the synthesis stage of the cell cycle?

a. more organelles
b. a copy of dna
c. daughter cells
d. greater surface area

1. the gap 1, gap 2, and synthesis stages of the cell cycle make up...

a. interphase
b. telophase
c. cytokinesis
d. mitosis

1. multicellular organisms use mitosis for...

a. growth, development, and repair.
b. growth, development, and domination.
c. development, recycle, and repair.
d. reduction, recycle, and repair.

1. which of the following is an example of an internal factor that controls the cell cyc

a. external cell temperature
b. kinase
c. cell-cell contact
d. erythropoietin
b.h.1: cellular genetics

1. the cellular process that results in haploid gametes...

a. gametogenesis
b. meiosis
c. reassortment
d. fertilization

1. crossing over is an important factor in increasing the...

a. likelihood of genre linkage on homologous chromosomes.
b. frequency with which a recessive allele is masked.
c. genetic diversity by making new allele combinations.
d. frequency with which a dominant allele is expressed.

1. which of the following cell types is haploid?

a. liver cell
b. somatic cell
c. sperm cell
d. germ cell

Explanation:

• Question 11: During the synthesis stage (\(S\) phase) of the cell cycle, DNA replication occurs. So, a copy of DNA is made.
• Question 12: The gap 1 (\(G_1\)), gap 2 (\(G_2\)), and synthesis (\(S\)) stages make up interphase. Telophase is a stage of mitosis, cytokinesis is the division of the cytoplasm, and mitosis is a separate part of the cell cycle from interphase.
• Question 13: Multicellular organisms use mitosis for growth, development, and repair. Mitosis does not involve domination, reduction in a general sense (meiosis is for reduction in chromosome number in gametes), and “recycle” is not a typical function associated with mitosis.
• Question 14: Kinase is an internal factor (a type of enzyme) that controls the cell cycle. External cell temperature is an external factor, cell - cell contact is an external regulatory mechanism (contact inhibition), and erythropoietin is a hormone (external signal in many cases) that can influence cell division (e.g., in red blood cell production).
• Question 15: Meiosis is the cellular process that results in haploid gametes. Gametogenesis is a more general term for the formation of gametes (which involves meiosis), reassortment is not the main process for forming haploid gametes, and fertilization is the union of gametes.
• Question 16: Crossing over increases genetic diversity by creating new allele combinations. It does not increase the likelihood of genre linkage (it actually can break linkage), it is not related to masking recessive alleles (dominance is related to allele expression), and it is not about the frequency of dominant allele expression.
• Question 17: Sperm cells are haploid. Liver cells, somatic cells (which include liver cells), and germ cells (which are diploid and undergo meiosis to form haploid gametes) are diploid.

Answer:

1. b. A copy of DNA
2. a. Interphase
3. a. Growth, development, and repair.
4. b. Kinase
5. b. Meiosis
6. d. Frequency with which a dominant allele is expressed.
7. c. Sperm cell