Question

1. a professor is analyzing the scores from a recent exam. he notices that the scores are symmetrically distributed, forming a bell - shaped pattern. this type of distribution is called a(n): a. unskewed distribution b. scatterplot c. histogram d. normal curve e. bimodal distribution
2. a researcher wants to find the difference between the highest and lowest scores on a recent test. this measure of data spread is called the: a. mean b. median c. mode d. range e. standard deviation
3. a psychologist is interested in the effects of heredity and environment on personality traits. this field of study is known as: a. biological psychology b. biopsychosocial approach c. behavior genetics d. evolutionary psychology e. humanistic psychology
4. a researcher conducts research to find out how many people in a city support a new public library. the researcher finds that 75% of the respondents support the new library. the likely research method used is called a(n): a. case study b. survey c. experiment d. naturalistic observation e. correlational study
5. a researcher wants to determine if a new intelligence test accurately measures what it is designed to measure. he compares the new test to other established intelligence tests. this is a measure of the tests: a. falsifiability b. reliability c. validity d. replicate e. standardization
6. a psychologist is developing a new model about the development of attachment in infants. her model is based on numerous observations and experiments, and it provides a well - supported explanation for the phenomenon. this comprehensive explanation is called a(n): a. hypothesis b. theory c. established variable d. operational definition e. scientific law
7. a researcher is studying the eating habits of a specific population. he finds that 80% of the population reports eating at least one serving of vegetables per day, but he suspects that participants are providing what they think is the \correct\ answer, rather than their honest response. this is an example of what kind of bias? a. sampling bias b. wording effect bias c. social desirability bias d. hindsight bias e. experimenter bias
8. a psychologist is studying the development of primitive human mate selection patterns. she is using the principles of natural selection to explain why certain traits are considered desirable. this field of study is known as: a. behavior genetics b. evolutionary psychology c. cognitive neuroscience d. biological psychology e. social psychology
9. a researcher is analyzing a dataset of test scores. he wants to know the percentage of students who scored at or below a score of 85. what statistical measure would provide this information? a. mean b. percentile rank c. standard deviation d. mode e. median
10. researchers are conducting an experiment to see if a new type of therapy reduces depression symptoms. one of the researchers is aware of members of the group receiving the new therapy. this is an example of what kind of practice? a. double - blind procedure b. single - blind procedure c. informed experimentation d. debriefed practice e. placebo - controlled study
11. a researcher is investigating the effects of a new drug on patients in a specific condition. she gives the drug to one group of participants and nothing to a different group. the group that receives no treatment serves as the benchmark for comparison. what is this group called? a. experimental group b. control group c. placebo group d. random sample e. placebo - controlled group

Explanation:

1. A normal curve is symmetric and bell - shaped.
2. The range is the difference between the highest and lowest scores, a measure of data spread.
3. Behavior genetics studies the effects of heredity and environment on personality traits.
4. A survey is used to gather opinions from a large number of people, like public support for a library.
5. Comparing a new test to established ones to check if it measures what it's supposed to is a measure of validity.
6. A theory is a comprehensive explanation based on multiple observations and experiments.
7. Social desirability bias occurs when participants give answers they think are socially acceptable.
8. Evolutionary psychology uses natural selection principles to explain traits.
9. Percentile rank shows the percentage of scores at or below a particular score.
10. A single - blind procedure is when one party (here, a researcher) knows who is in the treatment group.
11. The group that receives no treatment is the control group, used for comparison.

Answer:

1. D. Normal curve
2. D. Range
3. C. Behavior genetics
4. B. Survey
5. C. Validity
6. B. Theory
7. C. Social desirability bias
8. D. Evolutionary psychology
9. B. Percentile rank
10. B. Single - blind procedure
11. B. Control group