Question

1. which conclusion is best supported by the passage?

a. only plant cells produce atp
b. all cells require the same amount of energy
c. specialized cells help organisms survive
d. energy is unnecessary for homeostasis

1. if mitochondria were unable to produce atp, which outcome is most likely?

a. cells would photosynthesize
b. cells would divide faster
c. cells would increase diffusion
d. cells would lose function and may die

1. why is photosynthesis essential to life on earth?

a. it produces glucose that supports food webs
b. it removes carbon dioxide from cells
c. it replaces cellular respiration
d. it occurs in all organisms

1. which relationship best connects photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

a. both occur in mitochondria
b. photosynthesis produces glucose used in respiration
c. respiration only occurs in plants
d. photosynthesis uses atp from respiration

1. which example from the passage best shows cell specialization?

a. atp storing energy
b. chloroplasts producing sugar in plant cells
c. diffusion across membranes
d. ribosomes assembling proteins

1. if chloroplasts stopped functioning, which outcome would most directly affect ecosystems?

a. animals would immediately stop respiring
b. oxygen and food production would decrease
c. cells would stop dividing
d. mitochondria would disappear

Explanation:

Question 40

• Option a: Not all plant cells produce ATP (e.g., some dead plant cells), and animal cells also produce ATP, so a is wrong.
• Option b: Different cells have different energy requirements (e.g., muscle cells vs. skin cells), so b is wrong.
• Option c: Specialized cells have specific functions that help organisms survive (e.g., nerve cells for communication, muscle cells for movement), so this is supported.
• Option d: Energy is essential for homeostasis (e.g., for active transport, enzyme function), so d is wrong.

• ATP is the energy currency of the cell. Mitochondria produce ATP via cellular respiration.
• Option a: Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts, not all cells have chloroplasts, and lack of ATP won't cause photosynthesis (which is for making energy, not a response to lack of ATP production).
• Option b: Cell division requires energy (ATP), so no ATP would slow or stop division, not make it faster.
• Option c: Diffusion is passive, doesn't require ATP, so ATP loss won't increase diffusion.
• Option d: Without ATP, cells can't perform energy - requiring functions (like active transport, protein synthesis), so they'll lose function and may die.

• Photosynthesis is the process by which plants (and some other organisms) convert light energy into chemical energy (glucose).
• Option a: Glucose from photosynthesis is the base of food webs (producers make glucose, which is eaten by consumers), so this is correct.
• Option b: Photosynthesis removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, not from cells (cellular respiration produces CO₂ in cells).
• Option c: Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are complementary, not one replacing the other.
• Option d: Photosynthesis occurs in autotrophs (like plants, some bacteria), not all organisms (heterotrophs don't photosynthesize).

Answer:

c. Specialized cells help organisms survive

Question 41