Question

15 multiple choice 1 point
which of the following is true about the central nervous system (cns)?
it contains the parasympathetic nervous system.
it mainly regulates hormones in the body.
it includes the brain and spinal cord.
it includes the brain only.

16 multiple choice 1 point
which is true about darwins theory of evolution by natural selection?
it proposes that evolution occurs during an organisms lifetime and its adaptations are passed on to offspring.
it suggests that organisms better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.
it states that all surviving organisms will reproduce.
it suggests that only the strongest individuals survive in all circumstances.

Explanation:

Analyze the Central Nervous System (CNS)

The nervous system is divided into two main parts: the Central Nervous System (CNS) and the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS). The CNS acts as the primary integration and command center for the body. It consists of the brain and the spinal cord. The parasympathetic nervous system is a division of the autonomic nervous system, which is part of the PNS. Hormones are primarily regulated by the endocrine system. Therefore, the statement that the CNS includes the brain and spinal cord is correct.

Analyze Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection

Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection is based on several key principles:

1. Organisms produce more offspring than can survive.
2. Individuals within a population exhibit heritable variations.
3. Individuals with traits better suited to their environment have a higher probability of surviving and reproducing.
4. Over generations, these advantageous traits become more common in the population.

Let's evaluate the given options:

• The idea that adaptations acquired during an organism's lifetime are passed to offspring is Lamarckian inheritance, not Darwinian natural selection.
• Not all surviving organisms will successfully reproduce.
• "Only the strongest survive" is a misconception; survival depends on being "best adapted" to the specific environmental conditions, which does not always mean physical strength.
• The statement that organisms better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce is the core definition of natural selection.

Answer:

Question 15

• It contains the parasympathetic nervous system.
• It mainly regulates hormones in the body.
• It includes the brain and spinal cord. (Correct answer)
• It includes the brain only.

Question 16

• It proposes that evolution occurs during an organism's lifetime and its adaptations are passed on to offspring.
• It suggests that organisms better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. (Correct answer)
• It states that all surviving organisms will reproduce.
• It suggests that only the strongest individuals survive in all circumstances.