Question

1. match each description with the appropriate location on the diagram below.

_____ the substrate binds to the enzyme forming an enzyme - substrate complex.
_____ products are released and the enzyme is free to repeat the reaction by binding to another substrate.
_____ the substrate sucrose, is made up of glucose and fructose bonded together.
_____ the binding of the substrate to the enzyme places stress on the glucose - fructose bond and it breaks.
(diagram content: there are numbered parts (1,2,3,4) in the diagram. part 1 shows a structure with a bond, part 2 shows a related structure, part 3 involves h₂o and enzyme - substrate interaction, part 4 shows glucose and fructose being released, and there are labels like active site, enzyme, etc.)

Answer:

To solve this, we analyze each description and match it to the diagram steps:

Step 1: Analyze each description

• "The substrate binds to the enzyme forming an enzyme - substrate complex."

This happens when the substrate (sucrose) fits into the enzyme’s active site. Looking at the diagram, step 3 (the enzyme - substrate complex with the substrate inside) corresponds to this.

• "Products are released and the enzyme is free to repeat the reaction by binding to another substrate."

After the reaction, products (glucose and fructose) are released, and the enzyme is free. This is the last step (step 4) where products are leaving the enzyme.

• "The substrate sucrose, is made up of glucose and fructose bonded together."

This describes the substrate before it interacts with the enzyme. In the diagram, step 1 shows the bonded glucose and fructose (sucrose).

• "The binding of the substrate to the enzyme places stress on the glucose - fructose bond and it breaks."

When the substrate binds to the enzyme (enzyme - substrate complex), the bond breaks. This is step 3 (the enzyme - substrate complex where the bond is breaking with the help of water, but the key is the bond stress and breakage during binding). Wait, no—let's re - check:

• Step 1: Sucrose (glucose + fructose bonded) – matches the third description.
• Step 2: Substrate moving to enzyme – no, step 2 is the substrate approaching the enzyme? Wait, no, the diagram:
• Step 1: Bond (sucrose structure) – third description.
• Step 2: Substrate (sucrose) near enzyme? No, step 2 is the substrate (sucrose) moving towards the enzyme? Wait, no, the first enzyme is empty, then step 2 is the substrate (sucrose) near the enzyme? No, let's list the steps:
• Step 1: Structure with “Bond” – sucrose (glucose + fructose bonded) – third description.
• Step 2: Substrate (sucrose) approaching the enzyme? No, step 2 is the substrate (sucrose) next to the enzyme? Wait, the enzyme is the “c-shaped” structure. The first enzyme (empty) → step 2: substrate (sucrose) near the enzyme? No, step 3: enzyme - substrate complex (substrate inside enzyme, with H₂O) – first description (substrate binds to enzyme forming complex). Then step 4: products (glucose and fructose) released – second description. And the fourth description: binding causes bond stress and break – this is during the enzyme - substrate complex (step 3) when the bond breaks. Wait, no, let's correct:

1. "The substrate sucrose, is made up of glucose and fructose bonded together." → Step 1 (shows the bonded glucose and fructose, labeled “Bond”).
2. "The substrate binds to the enzyme forming an enzyme - substrate complex." → Step 3 (the enzyme with the substrate inside, forming the complex). Wait, no, step 3 has H₂O. Wait, maybe step 2: the substrate (sucrose) binds to the enzyme (the empty enzyme in step 1? No, the first enzyme is empty, then step 2 is the substrate (sucrose) moving to the enzyme, then step 3 is the enzyme - substrate complex with H₂O, then step 4 is products released.

Wait, let's re - assign:

• Description 1: "The substrate binds to the enzyme forming an enzyme - substrate complex." → Step 3 (enzyme - substrate complex: substrate inside enzyme, forming the complex).
• Description 2: "Products are released and the enzyme is free to repeat the reaction by binding to another substrate." → Step 4 (products glucose and fructose are released, enzyme is empty again).
• Description 3: "The substrate sucrose, is made up of glucose and fructose bonded together." → Step 1 (shows the bonded glucose and fructose, labeled “Bond”).
• Description 4: "The binding of the substrate to the enzyme places stress on the glucose - fructose bond and it breaks." → Step 3 (during the enzyme - substrate complex, the bond breaks; the H₂O is for hydrolysis, but the key is the bond stress from binding). Wait, no, step 3 is when the bond breaks. Wait, maybe step 2: the substrate binds to the enzyme? No, the first enzyme is empty (active site), then step 2 is the substrate (sucrose) binding to the enzyme (forming the complex)? No, the diagram:

• Step 1: Bond (sucrose structure) – description 3.
• Step 2: Substrate (sucrose) binding to enzyme (enzyme - substrate complex starts) – description 1.
• Step 3: Enzyme - substrate complex with H₂O, bond breaking – description 4.
• Step 4: Products released – description 2.

Yes, that makes sense:

• Description 3 (sucrose structure) → Step 1.
• Description 1 (substrate binds to enzyme) → Step 2 (substrate binding to enzyme, forming complex).
• Description 4 (binding causes bond stress and break) → Step 3 (enzyme - substrate complex where the bond breaks, with H₂O involved).
• Description 2 (products released, enzyme free) → Step 4 (products leaving the enzyme).

So the matches are:

• "The substrate binds to the enzyme forming an enzyme - substrate complex." → Step 2
• "Products are released and the enzyme is free to repeat the reaction by binding to another substrate." → Step 4
• "The substrate sucrose, is made up of glucose and fructose bonded together." → Step 1
• "The binding of the substrate to the enzyme places stress on the glucose - fructose bond and it breaks." → Step 3

Final Answer

1. "The substrate sucrose, is made up of glucose and fructose bonded together." → 1
2. "The substrate binds to the enzyme forming an enzyme - substrate complex." → 2
3. "The binding of the substrate to the enzyme places stress on the glucose - fructose bond and it breaks." → 3
4. "Products are released and the enzyme is free to repeat the reaction by binding to another substrate." → 4

So the order (matching each description to the number) is:

• "The substrate binds to the enzyme forming an enzyme - substrate complex." → 2
• "Products are released and the enzyme is free to repeat the reaction by binding to another substrate." → 4
• "The substrate sucrose, is made up of glucose and fructose bonded together." → 1
• "The binding of the substrate to the enzyme places stress on the glucose - fructose bond and it breaks." → 3

So writing the numbers in the blanks:

• ____ The substrate binds to the enzyme forming an enzyme - substrate complex. → 2
• ____ Products are released and the enzyme is free to repeat the reaction by binding to another substrate. → 4
• ____ The substrate sucrose, is made up of glucose and fructose bonded together. → 1
• ____ The binding of the substrate to the enzyme places stress on the glucose - fructose bond and it breaks. → 3