Question

1. why is the shadow longer in winter than in summer? *

a. the sun is farther from earth in winter.
b. the sun is lower in the sky during winter.
c. the days are shorter in winter.
d. the flagpole grows taller in winter.

Explanation:

In winter, the Sun is lower in the sky. When the Sun is lower, the angle of sunlight is more oblique. This causes objects (like a flagpole) to cast longer shadows. Option A is incorrect as the distance of the Sun from Earth (which is relatively constant in terms of shadow - length - causing factors) is not the main reason. Option C is wrong because days are shorter in winter due to the tilt of the Earth's axis and its orbit, not related to shadow length. Option D is incorrect as flagpoles do not grow taller in winter.

Answer:

B. The Sun is lower in the sky during winter.