Question

1. why is it more common for inhaled foreign objects to get stuck in the right lung?

a) the right bronchus is narrower
b) the right bronchus is wider, shorter, and more vertical
c) the left bronchus is longer and wider
d) the trachea bends toward the left

1. what keeps the lungs attached to the thoracic wall and prevents friction during breathing?

a) diaphragm contractions
b) pleural membranes and pleural fluid
c) bronchioles
d) alveolar sacs

1. what is the correct order of branching within the lungs?

a) bronchioles → tertiary bronchi → primary bronchi
b) primary bronchi → secondary bronchi → tertiary bronchi → bronchioles
c) tertiary bronchi → primary bronchi → bronchioles
d) secondary bronchi → primary bronchi → alveoli

1. which structures make up the respiratory zone where gas exchange occurs?

a) trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles
b) bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli
c) pharynx, larynx, and trachea
d) nasal cavity and sinuses

1. what process allows gases to move across the respiratory membrane between the alveoli and blood?

a) osmosis
b) diffusion
c) filtration
d) active transport

1. in the lungs, which direction does oxygen move during gas exchange?

a) from alveoli into the blood
b) from blood into alveoli
c) from tissues into blood
d) from blood into tissues

Explanation:

1. The right bronchus' wider, shorter, and more vertical structure makes it more likely for inhaled objects to get stuck there.
2. Pleural membranes (visceral and parietal) with pleural fluid in between keep lungs attached to thoracic wall and reduce friction.
3. The branching order in lungs starts with primary bronchi (from trachea), then secondary (to lobes), tertiary (to bronchopulmonary segments), and finally bronchioles.
4. The respiratory zone (for gas exchange) includes bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli. Trachea, pharynx, etc., are in conducting zone.
5. Diffusion is the process (movement from high to low concentration) by which gases (like O₂ and CO₂) cross the respiratory membrane between alveoli and blood.
6. During gas exchange in lungs, oxygen (higher in alveoli) moves from alveoli into the blood (lower O₂ concentration in de - oxygenated blood).

Answer:

1. B. The right bronchus is wider, shorter, and more vertical
2. B. Pleural membranes and pleural fluid
3. B. Primary bronchi → Secondary bronchi → Tertiary bronchi → Bronchioles
4. B. Bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli
5. B. Diffusion
6. A. From alveoli into the blood