Question

which refers to the process of going against the natural flow of heat and moving thermal energy from a low temperature to a high temperature?
radiation
refrigeration
heating
conduction

Explanation:

• Radiation is the transfer of heat in the form of electromagnetic waves. It does not involve moving heat against the natural flow from low to high temperature.
• Refrigeration is the process that uses mechanical work (by a compressor in a refrigerator, for example) to move heat from a low - temperature region (the inside of the fridge) to a high - temperature region (the outside environment), which is against the natural flow of heat (natural heat flow is from high to low temperature).
• Heating is the process of increasing the temperature of a system, usually by adding heat (in the natural direction of heat flow, from a higher - temperature source to the system being heated).
• Conduction is the transfer of heat through direct contact between materials, following the natural heat flow (from high to low temperature).

Answer:

refrigeration