Question

which layer of the earth is made of solid rock and includes both the crust and the uppermost mantle?
asthenosphere
lithosphere
core
inner mantle
question 2
how does the asthenosphere differ from the lithosphere?
the asthenosphere is partly melted and moves slowly, while the lithosphere is rigid and floats on top.
the asthenosphere is rigid and solid, while the lithosphere is partly melted and flows slowly.
both are solid and move at the same rate.
the lithosphere is liquid metal, and the asthenosphere is solid rock.

Explanation:

For the first question, the lithosphere is composed of the crust and the uppermost rigid part of the mantle. The asthenosphere is semi - molten, the core is mainly metallic (outer core is liquid, inner core is solid), and the inner mantle is not the correct term for this combination.
For the second question, the asthenosphere is semi - molten (partly melted) and has a slow convective flow. The lithosphere is rigid (solid) and "floats" on the asthenosphere. The other options are incorrect as they misdescribe the physical states (e.g., the lithosphere is not liquid, the asthenosphere is not rigid solid in the context of comparison to the lithosphere).

Answer:

1. lithosphere
2. The asthenosphere is partly melted and moves slowly, while the lithosphere is rigid and floats on top.