Question

1
which of the following correctly pairs a phase of matter with its description?
solid: particles have no motion.
liquid: particles expand to fill any container in which they are placed.
gas: particles have higher amounts of energy than when in the liquid phase.
liquid: particles are more strongly attached to one another than when in the
solid phase.
2
a flowing stream contains water at 18°c. cans of soft drinks at 28°c are lowered
into the stream. which of the following will most likely occur?
the soft drink cans will absorb cold energy from the streams water.
the cans will cool until their temperature is the same as the streams.
the temperature of the soft drinks will not change since the cans are sealed.
the temperature of the cans will decrease to freezing as long as the stream
is flowing.
3
a car travels 300 meters in 15 seconds. what is the average velocity of the car?
5.0 m/sec
15 m/sec
20 m/sec
30 m/sec
4
which mass would have the greatest acceleration if the same unbalanced force was
applied to each?
1 kg
2 kg
3 kg
4 kg
5
which of the following colors of visible light has the longest wavelength?
red
blue
green
orange

Explanation:

Step1: Analyze each option for question 1

• Solid: Particles vibrate in fixed positions, not no motion.
• Liquid: Particles do not expand to fill any container (gas does).
• Gas: Particles have higher energy than liquid (correct as gas particles move more freely).
• Liquid: Particles are less strongly attached than solid.

Step2: Analyze each option for question 2

• Heat transfers from high to low temperature. Cans at \(28^{\circ}C\) (higher) and stream at \(18^{\circ}C\) (lower).
• Heat transfer occurs until thermal equilibrium (same temperature).
• Cold energy is not a valid concept (heat is transferred).
• Sealed cans still transfer heat (through can material).
• Temperature will not drop to freezing (stream is at \(18^{\circ}C\)).

Step3: Calculate average velocity for question 3

Use formula \(v=\frac{d}{t}\), where \(d = 300\) meters and \(t=15\) seconds.
\(v=\frac{300}{15}=20\) m/sec.

Step4: Use \(F = ma\) (rearranged \(a=\frac{F}{m}\)) for question 4

With same \(F\), smaller \(m\) gives larger \(a\). \(1\) kg (smallest mass) has largest \(a\).

Step5: Recall visible light wavelength order for question 5

Red has the longest wavelength in visible light (ROYGBIV - Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo, Violet).

Answer:

1. Gas: Particles have higher amounts of energy than when in the liquid phase.
2. The cans will cool until their temperature is the same as the stream’s.
3. \(20\) m/sec
4. \(1\) kg
5. red