Question

which of the following conditions is characterized by an enlargement of the bones of the head and extremities?
a dwarfism
b congenital hypothyroidism
c acromegaly
d gigantism

Explanation:

• Dwarfism: Usually due to growth hormone deficiency in childhood, resulting in short stature, not bone enlargement of head and extremities.
• Congenital hypothyroidism: Can cause developmental problems like mental and physical retardation, but not specific bone enlargement of head and extremities.
• Acromegaly: Caused by excessive growth hormone secretion in adulthood. Since the epiphyseal plates are closed in adults, it leads to bone thickening and enlargement of the hands, feet, and face (head and extremities).
• Gigantism: Due to excessive growth hormone secretion in childhood when epiphyseal plates are open, causing excessive linear growth (tall stature), not the specific bone enlargement pattern of acromegaly.

Answer:

C. acromegaly