Question

when the sun appears to darken as the moon passes in front of it (and we are in the shadow of the moon). granular occultation lunar eclipse a total eclipse of the heart solar eclipse

Explanation:

A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between the Sun and Earth, casting a shadow on Earth. This aligns with the description provided ("the sun appears to darken as the moon passes in front of it (and we are in the shadow of the moon)"). Lunar eclipse involves Earth between Sun and Moon (Earth’s shadow on Moon). "Granular Occultation" is a specialized astronomical observation method (not the general eclipse described). "A Total Eclipse of the Heart" is a song title (not relevant astronomical event).

Answer:

Solar Eclipse